Introduction to Abiquo and VMware vCenter

This document refers to VMware hypervisors in private cloud datacenters.

• For vCloud Director, see VMware vCloud Director.

Abiquo can manage VMware hosts at different levels as:

• ESXi hosts
• vCenter server hosts
• vCenter clusters

Abiquo can also work with NSX to create network configurations such as:

• gateway
• ECMP
• NAT

Supported versions

Abiquo (4.7.x up to 5.2) has been tested with the following latest versions:

ESXi 6.x versions prior to 6.7 are supported by Abiquo.

ESXi 5.x versions are NOT supported in Abiquo 5.1.2 and higher versions.

vCenter clusters as hosts

The platform represents the VMware cluster as a physical machine/hypervisor host, and Abiquo does not track the host entities in vCenter. For more details, see Add VMware vCenter clusters as servers

Advantages of vCenter clusters as hosts

• Uses VMware cluster scheduling: when users deploy VMs, the platform will allocate them to VMware clusters instead of directly to ESXi servers.  
• VMs within the same cluster are considered to be on the same host.

ESXi host configurations

These configurations affect ESXi hosts and apply to all modes (ESXi hosts, vCenter hosts, vCenter clusters).

Host networking

On the ESXi host, the vNICs must be attached to a vSwitch, which may be a DVS. Abiquo will automatically create a port group for the host.

If your host has already been configured with another vSwitch, you may need to delete the port group before adding the host in Abiquo

Host datastores

Abiquo supports the following datastore types: VMFS and NFS.

• It does not support VSAN
• You can use any datastore storage protocol, e.g. iSCSI, NFS, FC, FCoE, or direct attached. 

In Abiquo 5.2+ as part of the infrastructure check, Abiquo will check datastores. It may automatically disable datastores and later re-enable them.

To create, update, and delete datastores, refresh the datastores on the host. You can only delete a datastore if it is empty and not attached to the host. To refresh datastores in Abiquo, edit the host, go to the Datastores page, and click the round arrow refresh button. 

For vCenter clusters, you should use shared datastores. This will ensure VMs can be moved within the cluster where all hosts can access all datastores.

• When you use a shared datastore, the platform creates a different datastore on each physical machine using the datastore. This means that a shared datastore can be enabled on one host and disabled on another, either as a result of user configuration or an issue (e.g. an NFS communication error on one host).

If you need to work with local datastores, to ensure that VMs can always find a valid local datastore, design a tier with the local datastores of only a specific host, in addition to any shared datastores. Note that you should not create a tier containing local datastores from different hosts.

For troubleshooting notes about datastores, see Troubleshoot when you add VMware servers

VM disk configurations

This section describes how the platform manages VM disks (on datastores) and volumes (on external storage).

Provisioning of VM disks

When an administrator creates or edits a VM template disk, they can set the Allocation type for the disk. And a user with the privilege to Manage allocation when attaching a disk can select the Allocation type for disks before they deploy the VM. If no allocation type is selected, the default is thin provisioning. Note that disks of captured VMs may use thick provisioning.

VM Disk Controllers

The default controllers for ESXi are:

• IDE drivers for non-persistent primary disks because they are compatible with almost all operating systems and hypervisors.

• SCSI drivers for persistent disks (persistent primary disks and data volumes) for performance reasons.

Abiquo also supports SATA controllers.

SCSI controllers for VM volumes

Abiquo requires iSCSI adapters on ESXi. You should check that the appropriate iSCSI adapters were enabled as part of the ESXi installation process. Abiquo recommends that you install the drivers for the appropriate SCSI controllers when preparing VM templates that will be uploaded to the Abiquo platform.

The supported disk controllers are listed in the following table. If there is no menu for controller selection, users can enter the values in the ResourceSubType value column. 

The priority for the selection of the controllers is:

• User selection

• The default configuration set by the administrator in the abiquo.properties file

  # Default VirtualSCSIController implementation when diskController is not 
  # specified. Range [lsilogic, paravirtual, bus, sas]
  #abiquo.esxi.scsicontroller=lsilogic 

• LSI Logic Parallel SCSI controller

Notes: 

• If the user does not set the controller before deployment, Abiquo attaches SCSI disks to the default controller

• Users can set multiple controllers but only ONE of each type (e.g. you cannot set two LSI Logic controllers)

• Users can change the controller type after it is set

SATA controllers for VM disks

The configuration of SATA controllers is described at: Configure SATA for VMware hypervisors

This includes details of:

• How to make SATA ISOs the default for cloud-init
• How to make SATA the default controller for ISO
• How to disable SATA controllers
• Limitations and notes about SATA support.

Make SATA the default controller

To make SATA the default controller:

1. Edit the abiquo.properties file on the Remote Services server

2. Set the pluginmetadata disk controller properties for VMware

   abiquo.pluginmetadata.{hypervisor_type}.diskControllers=SATA,SCSI,IDE

   For each hypervisor type to configure, set the property value, replacing hypervisor_type in the property key with one of the following codes:

   1. "esx" for ESXi hosts
   2. "vmx_04" for vCenter
   3. "vcenter_cluster" for vCenter clusters

3. Restart the Tomcat server

To move a VM from an IDE controller to a SATA controller, you must first power off the VM.

Resize VM disks on ESXi

To resize disks of VMs running on ESXi using Abiquo:

• The disks must be:
  • SCSI disks on SCSI controller or SATA disks on SATA controllers
  • Thin provisioned disks
• and the VM must not have any VMware snapshots.

Also note that:

• You cannot modify disk size and position at the same time.
• You cannot resize the primary disk of a VM that is not allocated (not deployed)

See VMware knowledge base article

Advanced VM configuration

See Advanced configuration of VMs on ESXi

Capture VMs

To prepare and onboard existing VMs into the platform, see How to import and capture VMs.

The page also describes how to configure Abiquo to:

• Onboard VMs with volumes on external storage
• Capture VMs with duplicate names in different datacenters

Remote access to VMs

The platform supports remote access through VNC and WebMKS.

• WebMKS remote access with a WebMKS proxy
  • Install WebMKS proxy
  • Optionally brand WebMKS. See Branding WMKS
  • Configure WebMKS with system properties. See Configure WebMKS for vCenter
    OR if you are already using VNC, to change to WebMKS, see Enable WebMKS for vCenter

• VNC remote access through Guacamole
  • Default configuration for VMs deployed in Abiquo (until 5.2) and for VMs created in the hypervisor before vSphere 6.5
  • Not available in vSphere 7.x
  • For configurations of vCenter hosts and vCenter cluster, see Detect vCenter management IPs
  • Abiquo can capture VNC configuration, see Import and Capture Virtual Machines
  • Limitation: you cannot change the password with hot-reconfigure; you must reboot to update the VNC password for the VM

Configure VMware specific properties

Log in to the Abiquo Remote Services server (or for a Monolithic installation, log in to the Abiquo Server) and set the appropriate properties for your system to appropriate values in the /opt/abiquo/config/abiquo.properties file:

abiquo.esxi.datastoreRdm
abiquo.esxi.datastoreVmFile
abiquo.esxi.scsicontroller

abiquo.pluginmetadata.{hypervisor_type}.diskControllers

com.abiquo.virtualfactory.esxi.timeoutConnectionMs
com.abiquo.virtualfactory.esxi.timeoutReadMs

abiquo.dvs.portgroup.loadsharingmechanism
abiquo.dvs.portgroup.maxsize

abiquo.vcenter.port.connection

abiquo.esxi.forcehardwareversion

NSX connection to vCenter

For vCenter hosts, to use NSX when it will connect to vCenter, Abiquo will require valid administration credentials and the port if you are not using the default of TCP 443.

Configure the port in the /opt/abiquo/config/abiquo.properties file on the Remote Services servers:

abiquo.vcenter.port.connection = <Port No.>

Configure the firewall to allow access from the Remote Services server to the appropriate port. 

Notes: Check VMware password character restrictions

Configure VNC remote access

This section applies to versions of VMware before vSphere 7.x, which does not support VNC remote access. 

abiquo.vncport.min
abiquo.vncport.max

RemoteDisplay.vnc.keyMap

~ # vi /etc/vmware/firewall/Abiquo-vnc.xml

<!-- Firewall Rule for Abiquo VNC Console -->
<ConfigRoot>
 <service>         
  <id>Abiquo-VNC</id>   
  <rule id = '0000'>
    <direction>inbound</direction>
    <protocol>tcp</protocol>  
    <porttype>dst</porttype>    
    <port>      
      <begin>5900</begin>       
      <end>5964</end>          
    </port>              
  </rule>                 
  <rule id = '0001'>                       
   <direction>outbound</direction>  
   <protocol>tcp</protocol>      
   <porttype>dst</porttype>           
   <port>               
     <begin>5900</begin>                   
     <end>5964</end>                         
    </port>                                
  </rule>                                    
  <enabled>true</enabled>
  </service>             
</ConfigRoot> 

~ # esxcli network firewall refresh
~ # esxcli network firewall ruleset list | grep Abiquo-VNC

Abiquo-VNC                    true

/etc/vmware/firewall # esxcli network firewall ruleset set --ruleset-id Abiquo-VNC --allowed-all false

/etc/vmware/firewall # esxcli network firewall ruleset allowedip add --ruleset-id Abiquo-VNC --ip-address 10.81.2.20/24

Features

This page describes the VMware ESXi features supported by Abiquo. You can manage VMware technology at the following levels: vCenter, ESXi, vCloud Director.

ESXI feature support

• Multiple SCSI controllers
• Change of SCSI controller after configuration 
• Property to specify downgrade of hardwareVersion for new virtual machines
• Hot-add and hot-reconfigure options set in template and available in the Abiquo UI
• Deploy of VMDK_STREAM_OPTIMIZED disks. 
• Support in VM template for latest GuestOsIdentifier from vSphere. See Modify a VM Template#Operating system and OS version

• Detect all HostProxySwitch as DVS without requiring a naming convention

• Deprecated abiquo.dvs.enabled property

Feature	Description
vCenter Server	Add vCenter as a master hypervisor with the appropriate credentials, and then add individual hypervisors or clusters as hosts
dvSwitch	Abiquo will use the vCenter credentials. User must have access to vCenter
High Availability	Abiquo supports vSphere HA
Fault Tolerance	Abiquo does not support fault tolerance because it requires two VMs with the same name to be present in a cluster at the same time.
Replication	Abiquo supports replication with Zerto. Replicated VMs must be a in a separate cluster and you must Configure Abiquo to capture VMs with duplicate names
Clusters	For vCenter hosts, the platform automatically detects clusters and displays them on the racks with the physical machines. Compute load level rules can also be set at the Cluster level For vCenter clusters as hosts, set the compute load level rules at the Server level
VM Live Migration	For vCenter clusters as hosts, after VM moves, the VM is still effectively on the same host, so Abiquo does not need to control the results of live migrations  Abiquo supports vMotion of VMs, including those between hosts with different versions of ESXi. Abiquo supports vMotion between machines with different network service types if they are connected to a dvSwitch
Storage Live Migration	Abiquo detects storage vMotion on all datastores
Templates	VMDK fixed ( default format)  VMDK sparse  VMDK stream optimized (deployed directly)
DVD	The DVD feature was replaced by the ISO feature but CD-ROM configurations may be supported on imported VMs with IDE and SATA controllers
Remote Access	VNC using Guacamole. WebMKS - configure the WebMKS proxy, and set the abiquo.property to enable WebMKS. WebMKS will always be available. See Remote access documentation After you configure WebMKS, you can enable it by removing VNC configuration (in the UI, Edit VM and disable VM remote access)
Network Drivers	E1000 PCNet32 VMXNET3
CPU hot-add  RAM hot-add	With supported guest operating system. The user can mark supported templates and perform hot-add
Disks hot-reconfigure NICs hot-reconfigure  Remote Access hot-reconfigure	With supported guest operating system. The user can mark supported templates and perform hot-reconfigure
SDN using NSX	Abiquo supports SDN using NSX in gateway, ECMP, and NAT configurations. See Configure the NSX integration

Storage features